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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>Utility Registration APIs — zope.configuration 4.0 documentation</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/default.css" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" /> <script type="text/javascript"> var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = { URL_ROOT: '../', VERSION: '4.0', COLLAPSE_INDEX: false, FILE_SUFFIX: '.html', HAS_SOURCE: true }; </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/jquery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/underscore.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/doctools.js"></script> <link rel="top" title="zope.configuration 4.0 documentation" href="../index.html" /> <link rel="up" title="zope.component API Reference" href="../api.html" /> <link rel="next" title="Adapter Registration APIs" href="adapter.html" /> <link rel="prev" title="Site Manager APIs" href="sitemanager.html" /> </head> <body> <div class="related"> <h3>Navigation</h3> <ul> <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px"> <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index" accesskey="I">index</a></li> <li class="right" > <a href="adapter.html" title="Adapter Registration APIs" accesskey="N">next</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="sitemanager.html" title="Site Manager APIs" accesskey="P">previous</a> |</li> <li><a href="../index.html">zope.configuration 4.0 documentation</a> »</li> <li><a href="../api.html" accesskey="U"><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">zope.component</span></tt> API Reference</a> »</li> </ul> </div> <div class="document"> <div class="documentwrapper"> <div class="bodywrapper"> <div class="body"> <div class="section" id="utility-registration-apis"> <h1>Utility Registration APIs<a class="headerlink" href="#utility-registration-apis" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> <p>Utilities are components that simply provide an interface. They are instantiated at the time or before they are registered. Here we test the simple query interface.</p> <p>Before we register any utility, there is no utility available, of course. The pure instatiation of an object does not make it a utility. If you do not specify a default, you get a <cite>ComponentLookupError</cite>.</p> <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">zope.component</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">getUtility</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">zope.component</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">queryUtility</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">zope.component.tests.examples</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">I1</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">getUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">I1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span> <span class="c">...</span> <span class="gr">ComponentLookupError</span>: <span class="n">\</span> <span class="go">(<InterfaceClass zope.component.tests.examples.I1>, '')</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>Otherwise, you get the default:</p> <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">queryUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">I1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">default</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">'<default>'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="go">'<default>'</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>Now we declare <cite>ob</cite> to be the utility providing <cite>I1</cite>:</p> <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">ob</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">object</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">zope.component</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">getGlobalSiteManager</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">getGlobalSiteManager</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">registerUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ob</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">I1</span><span class="p">)</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>Now the component is available:</p> <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">getUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">I1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">ob</span> <span class="go">True</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">queryUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">I1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">ob</span> <span class="go">True</span> </pre></div> </div> <div class="section" id="named-utilities"> <h2>Named Utilities<a class="headerlink" href="#named-utilities" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>Registering a utility without a name does not mean that it is available when looking for the utility with a name:</p> <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">getUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">I1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">'foo'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span> <span class="c">...</span> <span class="gr">ComponentLookupError</span>: <span class="go">(<InterfaceClass zope.component.tests.examples.I1>, 'foo')</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">queryUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">I1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">'foo'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">default</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">'<default>'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="go">'<default>'</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>Registering the utility under the correct name makes it available:</p> <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">ob2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">object</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">getGlobalSiteManager</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">registerUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ob2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">I1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">'foo'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">getUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">I1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'foo'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">ob2</span> <span class="go">True</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">queryUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">I1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'foo'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">ob2</span> <span class="go">True</span> </pre></div> </div> </div> <div class="section" id="querying-multiple-utilities"> <h2>Querying Multiple Utilities<a class="headerlink" href="#querying-multiple-utilities" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>Sometimes it may be useful to query all utilities, both anonymous and named for a given interface. The <tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">getUtilitiesFor()</span></tt> API returns a sequence of <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">(name,</span> <span class="pre">utility)</span></tt> tuples, where <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">name</span></tt> is the empty string for the anonymous utility:</p> <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">zope.component</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">getUtilitiesFor</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">tuples</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">getUtilitiesFor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">I1</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tuples</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="go">2</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">''</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ob</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">tuples</span> <span class="go">True</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'foo'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ob2</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">tuples</span> <span class="go">True</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>The <tt class="xref py py-func docutils literal"><span class="pre">getAllUtilitiesRegisteredFor()</span></tt> API returns utilities that have been registered for a particular interface. Utilities providing a derived interface are also listed.</p> <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">zope.interface</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">implementer</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">zope.component.tests.examples</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Comp</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">zope.component.tests.examples</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">I2</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">zope.component.tests.examples</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Ob</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">I11</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">I1</span><span class="p">):</span> <span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">pass</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="nd">@implementer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">I11</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="gp">... </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Ob11</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Ob</span><span class="p">):</span> <span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">pass</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">ob11</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Ob11</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">ob_bob</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Ob</span><span class="p">()</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>Now we register the new utilities:</p> <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">zope.component</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">getGlobalSiteManager</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">gsm</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">getGlobalSiteManager</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">gsm</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">registerUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ob</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">I1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">gsm</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">registerUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ob11</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">I11</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">gsm</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">registerUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ob_bob</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">I1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">'bob'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">gsm</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">registerUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Comp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">I2</span><span class="p">)</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>We can now get all the utilities that provide interface <cite>I1</cite>:</p> <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">zope.component</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">getAllUtilitiesRegisteredFor</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">uts</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">getAllUtilitiesRegisteredFor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">I1</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">uts</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="go">4</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">ob</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">uts</span> <span class="go">True</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">ob2</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">uts</span> <span class="go">True</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">ob_bob</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">uts</span> <span class="go">True</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">ob11</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">uts</span> <span class="go">True</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>Note that <cite>getAllUtilitiesRegisteredFor()</cite> does not return the names of the utilities.</p> </div> <div class="section" id="delegated-utility-lookup"> <h2>Delegated Utility Lookup<a class="headerlink" href="#delegated-utility-lookup" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>It is common for a utility to delegate its answer to a utility providing the same interface in one of the component registry’s bases. Let’s first create a global utility:</p> <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">zope.interface</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Interface</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">zope.interface</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">implementer</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">IMyUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Interface</span><span class="p">):</span> <span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">pass</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">zope.component.tests.examples</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">ConformsToIComponentLookup</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="nd">@implementer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">IMyUtility</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="gp">... </span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">MyUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ConformsToIComponentLookup</span><span class="p">):</span> <span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__init__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">id</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sm</span><span class="p">):</span> <span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">id</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">id</span> <span class="gp">... </span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sitemanager</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">sm</span> <span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">__repr__</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span> <span class="gp">... </span> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="s">"</span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s">('</span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s">')"</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__class__</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__name__</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">id</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">gutil</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MyUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'global'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">gsm</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">gsm</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">registerUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">gutil</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">IMyUtility</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'myutil'</span><span class="p">)</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>Now, let’s create two registries and set up the bases hierarchy:</p> <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">zope.interface.registry</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Components</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">sm1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Components</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'sm1'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bases</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">gsm</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">))</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">sm1_1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Components</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'sm1_1'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bases</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sm1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">))</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>Now we create two utilities and insert them in our folder hierarchy:</p> <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">zope.component.interfaces</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">IComponentLookup</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">util1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MyUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'one'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sm1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">sm1</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">registerUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">util1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">IMyUtility</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'myutil'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">IComponentLookup</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">util1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">sm1</span> <span class="go">True</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">util1_1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MyUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'one-one'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sm1_1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">sm1_1</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">registerUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">util1_1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">IMyUtility</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'myutil'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">IComponentLookup</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">util1_1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="n">sm1_1</span> <span class="go">True</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>Now, if we ask <cite>util1_1</cite> for its next available utility we get the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">one</span></tt> utility:</p> <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">zope.component</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">getNextUtility</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">getNextUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">util1_1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">IMyUtility</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'myutil'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="go">MyUtility('one')</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>Next we ask <cite>util1</cite> for its next utility and we should get the global version:</p> <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">getNextUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">util1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">IMyUtility</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'myutil'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="go">MyUtility('global')</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>However, if we ask the global utility for the next one, an error is raised</p> <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">getNextUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">gutil</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">IMyUtility</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="gp">... </span> <span class="s">'myutil'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span> <span class="c">...</span> <span class="gr">ComponentLookupError</span>: <span class="go">No more utilities for <InterfaceClass zope.component.tests.examples.IMyUtility>,</span> <span class="go">'myutil' have been found.</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>You can also use <cite>queryNextUtility</cite> and specify a default:</p> <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">zope.component</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">queryNextUtility</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">queryNextUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">gutil</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">IMyUtility</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'myutil'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'default'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="go">'default'</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>Let’s now ensure that the function also works with multiple registries. First we create another base registry:</p> <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">myregistry</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Components</span><span class="p">()</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>We now set up another utility into that registry:</p> <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">custom_util</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">MyUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">'my_custom_util'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">myregistry</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">myregistry</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">registerUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">custom_util</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">IMyUtility</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'my_custom_util'</span><span class="p">)</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>We add it as a base to the local site manager:</p> <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">sm1</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__bases__</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">myregistry</span><span class="p">,)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">sm1</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">__bases__</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>Both the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">myregistry</span></tt> and global utilities should be available:</p> <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">queryNextUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sm1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">IMyUtility</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'my_custom_util'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="go">MyUtility('my_custom_util')</span> <span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">queryNextUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sm1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">IMyUtility</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'myutil'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="go">MyUtility('global')</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>Note, if the context cannot be converted to a site manager, the default is retruned:</p> <div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">queryNextUtility</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">object</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">IMyUtility</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'myutil'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">'default'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="go">'default'</span> </pre></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sphinxsidebar"> <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper"> <h3><a href="../index.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3> <ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Utility Registration APIs</a><ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#named-utilities">Named Utilities</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#querying-multiple-utilities">Querying Multiple Utilities</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#delegated-utility-lookup">Delegated Utility Lookup</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h4>Previous topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="sitemanager.html" title="previous chapter">Site Manager APIs</a></p> <h4>Next topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="adapter.html" title="next chapter">Adapter Registration APIs</a></p> <h3>This Page</h3> <ul class="this-page-menu"> <li><a href="../_sources/api/utility.txt" rel="nofollow">Show Source</a></li> </ul> <div id="searchbox" style="display: none"> <h3>Quick search</h3> <form class="search" action="../search.html" method="get"> <input type="text" name="q" /> <input type="submit" value="Go" /> <input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" /> <input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" /> </form> <p class="searchtip" style="font-size: 90%"> Enter search terms or a module, class or function name. </p> </div> <script type="text/javascript">$('#searchbox').show(0);</script> </div> </div> <div class="clearer"></div> </div> <div class="related"> <h3>Navigation</h3> <ul> <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px"> <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index" >index</a></li> <li class="right" > <a href="adapter.html" title="Adapter Registration APIs" >next</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="sitemanager.html" title="Site Manager APIs" >previous</a> |</li> <li><a href="../index.html">zope.configuration 4.0 documentation</a> »</li> <li><a href="../api.html" ><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">zope.component</span></tt> API Reference</a> »</li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer"> © Copyright 2012, Zope Foundation Contributors. 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