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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>kinit — MIT Kerberos Documentation</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../../_static/agogo.css" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../../_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../../_static/kerb.css" type="text/css" /> <script type="text/javascript"> var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = { URL_ROOT: '../../', VERSION: '1.15.1', COLLAPSE_INDEX: false, FILE_SUFFIX: '.html', HAS_SOURCE: true }; </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../../_static/jquery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../../_static/underscore.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../../_static/doctools.js"></script> <link rel="author" title="About these documents" href="../../about.html" /> <link rel="copyright" title="Copyright" href="../../copyright.html" /> <link rel="top" title="MIT Kerberos Documentation" href="../../index.html" /> <link rel="up" title="User commands" href="index.html" /> <link rel="next" title="klist" href="klist.html" /> <link rel="prev" title="kdestroy" href="kdestroy.html" /> </head> <body> <div class="header-wrapper"> <div class="header"> <h1><a href="../../index.html">MIT Kerberos Documentation</a></h1> <div class="rel"> <a href="../../index.html" title="Full Table of Contents" accesskey="C">Contents</a> | <a href="kdestroy.html" title="kdestroy" accesskey="P">previous</a> | <a href="klist.html" title="klist" accesskey="N">next</a> | <a href="../../genindex.html" title="General Index" accesskey="I">index</a> | <a href="../../search.html" title="Enter search criteria" accesskey="S">Search</a> | <a href="mailto:krb5-bugs@mit.edu?subject=Documentation__kinit">feedback</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content-wrapper"> <div class="content"> <div class="document"> <div class="documentwrapper"> <div class="bodywrapper"> <div class="body"> <div class="section" id="kinit"> <span id="kinit-1"></span><h1>kinit<a class="headerlink" href="#kinit" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> <div class="section" id="synopsis"> <h2>SYNOPSIS<a class="headerlink" href="#synopsis" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p><strong>kinit</strong> [<strong>-V</strong>] [<strong>-l</strong> <em>lifetime</em>] [<strong>-s</strong> <em>start_time</em>] [<strong>-r</strong> <em>renewable_life</em>] [<strong>-p</strong> | -<strong>P</strong>] [<strong>-f</strong> | -<strong>F</strong>] [<strong>-a</strong>] [<strong>-A</strong>] [<strong>-C</strong>] [<strong>-E</strong>] [<strong>-v</strong>] [<strong>-R</strong>] [<strong>-k</strong> [-<strong>t</strong> <em>keytab_file</em>]] [<strong>-c</strong> <em>cache_name</em>] [<strong>-n</strong>] [<strong>-S</strong> <em>service_name</em>] [<strong>-I</strong> <em>input_ccache</em>] [<strong>-T</strong> <em>armor_ccache</em>] [<strong>-X</strong> <em>attribute</em>[=<em>value</em>]] [<em>principal</em>]</p> </div> <div class="section" id="description"> <h2>DESCRIPTION<a class="headerlink" href="#description" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>kinit obtains and caches an initial ticket-granting ticket for <em>principal</em>. If <em>principal</em> is absent, kinit chooses an appropriate principal name based on existing credential cache contents or the local username of the user invoking kinit. Some options modify the choice of principal name.</p> </div> <div class="section" id="options"> <h2>OPTIONS<a class="headerlink" href="#options" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <dl class="docutils"> <dt><strong>-V</strong></dt> <dd>display verbose output.</dd> <dt><strong>-l</strong> <em>lifetime</em></dt> <dd><p class="first">(<a class="reference internal" href="../../basic/date_format.html#duration"><em>Time duration</em></a> string.) Requests a ticket with the lifetime <em>lifetime</em>.</p> <p>For example, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">kinit</span> <span class="pre">-l</span> <span class="pre">5:30</span></tt> or <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">kinit</span> <span class="pre">-l</span> <span class="pre">5h30m</span></tt>.</p> <p class="last">If the <strong>-l</strong> option is not specified, the default ticket lifetime (configured by each site) is used. Specifying a ticket lifetime longer than the maximum ticket lifetime (configured by each site) will not override the configured maximum ticket lifetime.</p> </dd> <dt><strong>-s</strong> <em>start_time</em></dt> <dd><p class="first">(<a class="reference internal" href="../../basic/date_format.html#duration"><em>Time duration</em></a> string.) Requests a postdated ticket. Postdated tickets are issued with the <strong>invalid</strong> flag set, and need to be resubmitted to the KDC for validation before use.</p> <p class="last"><em>start_time</em> specifies the duration of the delay before the ticket can become valid.</p> </dd> <dt><strong>-r</strong> <em>renewable_life</em></dt> <dd>(<a class="reference internal" href="../../basic/date_format.html#duration"><em>Time duration</em></a> string.) Requests renewable tickets, with a total lifetime of <em>renewable_life</em>.</dd> <dt><strong>-f</strong></dt> <dd>requests forwardable tickets.</dd> <dt><strong>-F</strong></dt> <dd>requests non-forwardable tickets.</dd> <dt><strong>-p</strong></dt> <dd>requests proxiable tickets.</dd> <dt><strong>-P</strong></dt> <dd>requests non-proxiable tickets.</dd> <dt><strong>-a</strong></dt> <dd>requests tickets restricted to the host’s local address[es].</dd> <dt><strong>-A</strong></dt> <dd>requests tickets not restricted by address.</dd> <dt><strong>-C</strong></dt> <dd>requests canonicalization of the principal name, and allows the KDC to reply with a different client principal from the one requested.</dd> <dt><strong>-E</strong></dt> <dd>treats the principal name as an enterprise name (implies the <strong>-C</strong> option).</dd> <dt><strong>-v</strong></dt> <dd>requests that the ticket-granting ticket in the cache (with the <strong>invalid</strong> flag set) be passed to the KDC for validation. If the ticket is within its requested time range, the cache is replaced with the validated ticket.</dd> <dt><strong>-R</strong></dt> <dd><p class="first">requests renewal of the ticket-granting ticket. Note that an expired ticket cannot be renewed, even if the ticket is still within its renewable life.</p> <p class="last">Note that renewable tickets that have expired as reported by <a class="reference internal" href="klist.html#klist-1"><em>klist</em></a> may sometimes be renewed using this option, because the KDC applies a grace period to account for client-KDC clock skew. See <a class="reference internal" href="../../admin/conf_files/krb5_conf.html#krb5-conf-5"><em>krb5.conf</em></a> <strong>clockskew</strong> setting.</p> </dd> <dt><strong>-k</strong> [<strong>-i</strong> | <strong>-t</strong> <em>keytab_file</em>]</dt> <dd>requests a ticket, obtained from a key in the local host’s keytab. The location of the keytab may be specified with the <strong>-t</strong> <em>keytab_file</em> option, or with the <strong>-i</strong> option to specify the use of the default client keytab; otherwise the default keytab will be used. By default, a host ticket for the local host is requested, but any principal may be specified. On a KDC, the special keytab location <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">KDB:</span></tt> can be used to indicate that kinit should open the KDC database and look up the key directly. This permits an administrator to obtain tickets as any principal that supports authentication based on the key.</dd> <dt><strong>-n</strong></dt> <dd><p class="first">Requests anonymous processing. Two types of anonymous principals are supported.</p> <p>For fully anonymous Kerberos, configure pkinit on the KDC and configure <strong>pkinit_anchors</strong> in the client’s <a class="reference internal" href="../../admin/conf_files/krb5_conf.html#krb5-conf-5"><em>krb5.conf</em></a>. Then use the <strong>-n</strong> option with a principal of the form <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">@REALM</span></tt> (an empty principal name followed by the at-sign and a realm name). If permitted by the KDC, an anonymous ticket will be returned.</p> <p>A second form of anonymous tickets is supported; these realm-exposed tickets hide the identity of the client but not the client’s realm. For this mode, use <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">kinit</span> <span class="pre">-n</span></tt> with a normal principal name. If supported by the KDC, the principal (but not realm) will be replaced by the anonymous principal.</p> <p class="last">As of release 1.8, the MIT Kerberos KDC only supports fully anonymous operation.</p> </dd> </dl> <p><strong>-I</strong> <em>input_ccache</em></p> <blockquote> <div>Specifies the name of a credentials cache that already contains a ticket. When obtaining that ticket, if information about how that ticket was obtained was also stored to the cache, that information will be used to affect how new credentials are obtained, including preselecting the same methods of authenticating to the KDC.</div></blockquote> <dl class="docutils"> <dt><strong>-T</strong> <em>armor_ccache</em></dt> <dd>Specifies the name of a credentials cache that already contains a ticket. If supported by the KDC, this cache will be used to armor the request, preventing offline dictionary attacks and allowing the use of additional preauthentication mechanisms. Armoring also makes sure that the response from the KDC is not modified in transit.</dd> <dt><strong>-c</strong> <em>cache_name</em></dt> <dd><p class="first">use <em>cache_name</em> as the Kerberos 5 credentials (ticket) cache location. If this option is not used, the default cache location is used.</p> <p class="last">The default cache location may vary between systems. If the <strong>KRB5CCNAME</strong> environment variable is set, its value is used to locate the default cache. If a principal name is specified and the type of the default cache supports a collection (such as the DIR type), an existing cache containing credentials for the principal is selected or a new one is created and becomes the new primary cache. Otherwise, any existing contents of the default cache are destroyed by kinit.</p> </dd> <dt><strong>-S</strong> <em>service_name</em></dt> <dd>specify an alternate service name to use when getting initial tickets.</dd> <dt><strong>-X</strong> <em>attribute</em>[=<em>value</em>]</dt> <dd><p class="first">specify a pre-authentication <em>attribute</em> and <em>value</em> to be interpreted by pre-authentication modules. The acceptable attribute and value values vary from module to module. This option may be specified multiple times to specify multiple attributes. If no value is specified, it is assumed to be “yes”.</p> <p>The following attributes are recognized by the PKINIT pre-authentication mechanism:</p> <dl class="last docutils"> <dt><strong>X509_user_identity</strong>=<em>value</em></dt> <dd>specify where to find user’s X509 identity information</dd> <dt><strong>X509_anchors</strong>=<em>value</em></dt> <dd>specify where to find trusted X509 anchor information</dd> <dt><strong>flag_RSA_PROTOCOL</strong>[<strong>=yes</strong>]</dt> <dd>specify use of RSA, rather than the default Diffie-Hellman protocol</dd> </dl> </dd> </dl> </div> <div class="section" id="environment"> <h2>ENVIRONMENT<a class="headerlink" href="#environment" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>See <a class="reference internal" href="../user_config/kerberos.html#kerberos-7"><em>kerberos</em></a> for a description of Kerberos environment variables.</p> </div> <div class="section" id="files"> <h2>FILES<a class="headerlink" href="#files" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <dl class="docutils"> <dt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_%{uid}</span></tt></dt> <dd>default location of Kerberos 5 credentials cache</dd> <dt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">FILE:/etc/krb5.keytab</span></tt></dt> <dd>default location for the local host’s keytab.</dd> </dl> </div> <div class="section" id="see-also"> <h2>SEE ALSO<a class="headerlink" href="#see-also" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p><a class="reference internal" href="klist.html#klist-1"><em>klist</em></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="kdestroy.html#kdestroy-1"><em>kdestroy</em></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../user_config/kerberos.html#kerberos-7"><em>kerberos</em></a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sidebar"> <h2>On this page</h2> <ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#">kinit</a><ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#synopsis">SYNOPSIS</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#description">DESCRIPTION</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#options">OPTIONS</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#environment">ENVIRONMENT</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#files">FILES</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#see-also">SEE ALSO</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> <br/> <h2>Table of contents</h2> <ul class="current"> <li class="toctree-l1 current"><a class="reference internal" href="../index.html">For users</a><ul class="current"> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../pwd_mgmt.html">Password management</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../tkt_mgmt.html">Ticket management</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../user_config/index.html">User config files</a></li> <li class="toctree-l2 current"><a class="reference internal" href="index.html">User commands</a><ul class="current"> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="kdestroy.html">kdestroy</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3 current"><a class="current reference internal" href="">kinit</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="klist.html">klist</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="kpasswd.html">kpasswd</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="krb5-config.html">krb5-config</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="ksu.html">ksu</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="kswitch.html">kswitch</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="kvno.html">kvno</a></li> <li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="sclient.html">sclient</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../admin/index.html">For administrators</a></li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../appdev/index.html">For application developers</a></li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../plugindev/index.html">For plugin module developers</a></li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../build/index.html">Building Kerberos V5</a></li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../basic/index.html">Kerberos V5 concepts</a></li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../formats/index.html">Protocols and file formats</a></li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../mitK5features.html">MIT Kerberos features</a></li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../build_this.html">How to build this documentation from the source</a></li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../about.html">Contributing to the MIT Kerberos Documentation</a></li> <li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../resources.html">Resources</a></li> </ul> <br/> <h4><a 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